ABSTRACT. Gilovich and Griffin note that the heuristics and biases message fit well with the pragmatic agenda of much of the field of social psychology. According to Kahneman and Tversky, there are several reasons for studying judgmental or perceptual biases: they are of interest in their own right; they can have practical implications (e.g., to clinical judgment or intuitive forecasting); the study of systematic error can illuminate the psychological processes that underlie perception and judgment. Kanheman and Frederick state that, from its earliest days, the heuristics and biases program was guided by the idea that intuitive judgments occupy a position between the automatic parallel operations of perception and the controlled serial operations of reasoning.