ABSTRACT. Inferior vena cava (IVC) hypoplasia, some uncommon vascular anomaly due to an embryogenesis defect, can lead to the development of extensive thrombosis. We report the case of a 26 year-old woman who presented deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the left lower limb caused by IVC hypoplasia. Abdominal CT scan revealed reduced caliber on almost the entire length of IVC from the origin to the level of the caudate lobe, with partial eccentric thrombosis. During the first day in, the patient developed acute pulmonary embolism. There were no risk factors associated. The evolution was favorable under anticoagulation treatment. This venous abnormality has been recently suggested to be associated with lower limbs DVT and pulmonary embolism, especially at young ages, with no other risk factors.

Keywords: hypoplasia; inferior vena cava; venous thrombosis; congenital; pulmonary embolism; Kilt syndrome