ABSTRACT. Tomashevich holds that the music of the Balkan Peninsula shares certain area-wide common features, based on certain common sources and formative experiences. Carmi-Cohen writes that every semantic idea in a sung text is realized through some structure of musical organization (musical organization has reached pinnacles of complexity). Adorno maintains that the succession of sounds is like logic: it can be right or wrong. The sound material is different at various times (the physical and historical dimensions mutually interact).