ABSTRACT. Cass remarks that international trade is undergoing a transformation commonly referred to as “constitutionalization”. Cho points out that a norm should be the operating code for the global trading system, and a norm-building itself regarded as a collective, communal remedy with which to maintain and improve the system. Hesselink claims that consumer protection is a well established area of European Union policy; the protection of consumers is categorical. Jain holds that forward-thinking companies that have moved to managing service as a strategic unit have adopted a holistic and integrated approach to managing resources, partners, contracts, and customers.